Articles from rubric: «Social aspects of health»

    2021
  • 2021 № 4 STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE OF TECHNOLOGIES OF ACTIVE LONGEVITY ON THE SOCIAL ADAPTATION OF ELDERLY AGED PERSONS FOR PREVENTIVE PREVENTION OF AGE-ASSOCIATED DISEASES

    In the context of demographic problems of population aging the prevention of age-related diseases is becoming increasingly important in the activities of practical health care workers, geriatricians, social workers, which indicates the relevance of researching technologies for extending a healthy period of life, increasing the adaptive capabilities of older people in the formation of a health-oriented urban space, comfortable and a complementary environment the influence of which on the state of health does not provoke the development of pathological changes, but on the contrary, ensures the improvement of the human body, maintains and restores its reserve functionality.
    The present study has shown that the use of technologies for active aging is an important medico-social factor contributing to the strengthening and restoration of health. During the experiment there was a positive dynamics of the influence of active aging technologies on the preservation and prolongation of social activity of elderly people in terms of preventing the risks of chronic non-communicable diseases on the example of a group of elderly muscovites aged 55–85 years and older, participants of the Moscow longevity project at the research base of the City club space «My social center» (Moscow city).

    Authors: Nikolaev V. A. [3] Safonicheva O. G. [1]

    Tags: comfortable and healthpreserving environment1 preservation and strengthening of health1 prevention of age-related1 rehabilitation measures1 social adaptation2 socialization2 technologies of active longevity1

    Read more >

  • 2020
  • 2020 № 9 Value orientations of the doctor as predictor of efficiency of activity of the medical organization

    The article presents the results of an empirical study of the value orientations of dental clinic employees. It is
    suggested that gaps in human values are factors that influence professional activities in terms of communication (in the
    production team) and ultimately the profitability of the individual in the teams. The initial data is obtained from the reports
    of the clinic’s medical information system and the Schwartz’s Value Survey (SVS) and Portrait Values Questionnaire (PVQ).
    In addition, we used a retrospective analysis and a questionnaire survey. Doctors were divided into two groups based on
    the impact of value gaps on the share of revenue plan fulfillment (type one and type two groups). Attention is drawn to the
    direction of relationships in the group of the first type, all correlations of average strength are direct, in the group of type
    2 – reverse. In the structure of the profile of value orientations, there are differences between the groups on the second
    place in importance for the respondents in the group of the first type are the value orientation (VO) “Achievement” and
    secondly, “Self-Direction”, third place in the group of the first type is “Benevolence”, whereas in the group of the second
    type of “Benevolence” in 4th place. To increase economic efficiency, managers of medical institutions need to organize
    activities to create cultural artifacts about the normative ideals of those values that affect the workflow, take into account
    the data of the employee’s value profile for optimal selection of the team composition (work shift).

    Authors: Tsaranov K. N. [10] Tarbastaev A. G. [9] Klimova E. M. [3] Akimov T. V. [1] Zvansky A. B. [1]

    Tags: effective team formation1 human resource1 personnel management4 raise of patient treatment effectiveness1

    Read more >

  • 2020 № 8 Satisfaction of patients as an indicator of the effectiveness of organizational models of providing medical care in the outpatient sector

    The object of the study is patient satisfaction with the medical care provided as a potential tool for evaluating the effectiveness of organizational changes in the outpatient unit. The patient-oriented approach is becoming more and more widespread in the world and domestic health care, so it is also necessary to take into account the opinion of the recipients of medical care in order to evaluate the ongoing changes. The purpose of the study was to test the developed online patient satisfaction assessment service TesMed in the implementation of systemic organizational changes in the outpatient section of the Tomsk region (united in one document – the Standard for organizing outpatient care in the Tomsk region). Patients were able to use the smartphone functionality to identify the medical organization and put a rating on a five-point scale. If the patient scored less than five points, the app asked them to select a reason for dissatisfaction from the list. The data of 2898 forms were analyzed. By the time of the beginning of noticeable
    changes for visitors of polyclinics (changing the format of the reception area, staff jobs, registry, formation of corporate culture), the share of visitors who rated the work of a medical organization by five points was 57.78%. After a month of project implementation, this parameter increased to 85.79% and did not fall below 72% until the end of 2019. The analysis of factors affecting negative ratings showed that the structure of reasons for their decline has not changed significantly. The study showed that the use of assessment methods used in the provision of medical care organizational models based on the opinion of patients, along with standard performance indicators, contributes to improving the effectiveness of interaction between medical organizations and patients.

    Authors: Shibalkov I. P. [8] Boykov V. A. [7] Kobyakova O. S. [16] Deev I. A. [9] Baranovskaya S. V. [4] Suvorova T. A. [3] Protasova L. M. [2] Shnaider G. V. [1]

    Tags: patient-orientation6 satisfaction with medical care3 standardization of medical care1 “lean manufacturing”3

    Read more >

  • 2020 № 8 The core vital values and requirements defining quality of life of country people are more senior than working-age of the Kaliningrad region

    Article is devoted to studying specific needs of persons also their interests affecting quality of their life are more senior than working-age. The purpose of work is to reveal the core vital values and requirements defining quality of life of country people is more senior than working-age of the Kaliningrad region. Within the project of Partnership “Northern measurement” in the field of health care and social wellbeing in 2019 the social research among 211 villagers aged from 60 up to 88 years is conducted. Methods of carrying out work: sociological, analytical, mathematical statistics. Distribution of age and gender structure of the interviewed population reflects universal trends. Social and demographic and medico-social characteristics of country people are studied. Results of a research showed that the quality of life of persons is more senior than working-age most is defined by priority vital values and requirements: state of health and level of material welfare; loneliness; difficulties in use of digital technologies; the disrespect shown from youth i.e. quite objective reasons which solution generally depends on the state measures for support of the senior generation. Significant first 10 vital values at elderly people during the different periods of time are tracked.

    Authors: Shikina I. B. [3] Chukhrienko I. Yu. [2] Elizov I. A. [2] Mikhaylova Yu. V. [1] Siburina T. A. [1] Mikhaylov A. Yu. [1]

    Tags: country people2 persons is more senior than working-age1 quality of life7 the social research1 vital values and requirements1

    Read more >

  • 2019
  • 2019 № 7 The main trends of the incidence in girls of 15–17 years on the background of high level of chronic pathology

    The health condition of the Russian Federation children, including adolescents, has been characterized by negative trends in the past thirty years. The aim of the study is to identify the main trends in the total and for the first time in the life registered incidence in girls 15–17 years old in the Russian Federation, as well as to track the quantity and dynamics of the indicator of chronicity of diseases. The data of form N12 of the federal statistical observation for the period 2000–2017 are analyzed, using the method of descriptive statistics. A significant increase was revealed both in the total incidence of girls (by 56.9%) and for the first time in the life registered incidence (by 63.0%). The maximum increase in total incidence is observed for the most classes of diseases, for example: neoplasms (2.4 times), injuries, poisoning and some other consequences of external causes (2.4 times), congenital anomalies (malformations) (2.3 times), cardiovascular system diseases (2 times), diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue (2 times). The growth for the first time in life registered incidence was revealed for the overwhelming majority of classes of diseases, for example: injuries, poisoning and some other consequences of exposure to external causes (2.5 times), diseases of the nervous system (2.2 times), cardiovascular system diseases (2 times), neoplasms (2 times), diseases of the ear and mastoid process (2 times), diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue (1.9 times). High figures of the chronicity index aggregative for all classes of diseases reflect the initially high level of chronic pathology in girls 15–17 years old, what is an unfavorable characteristic of their health condition. An analysis of the chronization index of the diseases among girls aged 15–17 years over the study period revealed its maximum growth for classes of congenital anomalies (malformations) (by 31.1%) and tumors (for 23.0%), and for certain nosologies: menstrual disorders (5.8 times) and renal failure (4.2 times). The health of children, and especially adolescents, determines the health of the nation in the nearest future; therefore, the issues of its preservation and improvement require thorough attention.

    Authors: Banteva M. N. [9] Matveev E. N. [3] Manoshkina E. M. [7]

    Tags: chronic diseases of girls.1 chronic pathology1 the incidence of girls1 the incidence of girls within classes of diseases1 the incidence of teenagers1

    Read more >

  • 2019 № 7 The role of communicative activity of the quality manager inspection body in improving the functioning of the quality management system

    Abstract. The role of the communicative activity of the quality manager of the inspection body in the functioning of the
    quality management system was investigated with the aim of developing and proposing measures to stimulate the communicative
    activities of managers. A survey of 258 employees of the inspection body on a specially developed by the authors
    questionnaire. Reliability of differences was assessed using nonparametric statistics, relative and average indicators, representativeness
    errors, relative risk and its confidence interval were calculated. The communication of the communicative
    activity of the quality manager with the involvement of the personnel of the inspection body in the functioning of the quality
    management system has been revealed. The lack of theoretical knowledge of quality management among managers of
    structural divisions about the functions and role of a manager in a team creates risks of insufficient awareness of inspection
    body staff about the goals and objectives of the implemented quality management system, failure to understand its
    documented procedures and non-compliance with its requirements. It was proposed to introduce mandatory external
    and additional internal training of quality managers to quality assurance in accordance with the requirements of ISO/
    IEC17020:2012 «Requirements for the operation of various types of bodies performing inspection
    (IDT)» and ISO 9000 series standards. It is proposed to introduce a cascade method for internal staff training in order to
    minimize time and material costs. It is recommended that in terms of combining the functions of a manager with the main
    professional activity of employees, to provide material incentives to managers. The need to develop a mentoring system in
    the establishment of newly hired employees to the principles and requirements of the quality management system implemented
    in the organization prior to the implementation of independent practical activities has been identified.

    Authors: Gordeeva T. I. [1] Golubeva A. P [1]

    Tags: awareness2 communication activities1 inspection body1 mentoring1 quality management system8 quality manager1 staff involvement1

    Read more >

  • 2019 № 5 Satisfaction of the population with the organization of clinical examination of certain groups of the adult population on the example of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation

    One of the criteria for the quality and availability of clinical examinations is the satisfaction of the population with the obtained preventive care. The subject of the study was the level of satisfaction of citizens who underwent medical examination, accessibility and quality of its organization. The following methods are used in the work: content analysis of scientific literature and regulatory documents; statistical method; analytical method. The reliability of the results obtained was evaluated by the method of calculating confidence limits. Applied correlation analysis. A sociological survey of 568 respondents who have undergone clinical examination of the adult population. Identified a number of subjective and objective problems in the organization of clinical examination. The degree of satisfaction of the population with the availability and quality of the organization of clinical examination of the adult population is determined. A correlation was found between the satisfaction of citizens with clinical examination and its availability. Proposed measures aimed at improving the organization of medical examination.

    Authors: Khodakova O. V. [5] N.  V.  Koshevaya [1]

    Tags: citizens’  satisfaction1 clinical  examination  of  the  adult  population1 correlation  interrelation.1 prevention23

    Read more >

  • 2019 № 4 Organization of medical and social assistance to the population at the level of the subject of the Russian Federation 

    The unstable social and economic situation in Russia leads to an increase in families from groups of high medical and social risk, which has a negative impact on the health of children. The purpose of the study is to study the organization of medical and social assistance to children at the regional level. Sociological and expert methods were used to achieve this goal. The assessment of the degree of consistency of expert opinions was carried out using the concordance coefficient, the reliability of the results – using the method of calculation of Chi-square. According to the results of the study it was found that medical and social assistance is provided in the framework of primary health care to minors mainly by specialists in Pediatrics and social work. Taking into account regional peculiarities, the presented direction includes the following tasks: provision of medical and social patronage of families from risk groups, antenatal protection of the fetus, preservation of reproductive health of the child population. Expert evaluation allowed to identify the main problems in the system of maternal and child health, which reduce the effectiveness of medical and social care. As the main problem areas noted: the insufficient level of professional competence of specialists in the provision of medical and social assistance, the low degree of continuity between the medical organizations of the system of protection of motherhood and childhood, the low efficiency of interdepartmental cooperation in the provision of medical and social assistance. The presented problems are manageable and require improvement of appropriate organizational and managerial mechanisms both at the level of the Ministry of health and at the level of social protection bodies.

    Authors: O.  V.  Khodakova [1] V.  A.  Dudareva [1]

    Tags: medical and social assistance3 system of protection of motherhood and childhood1

    Read more >

  • 2019 № 3 Prevalence of socio-biological risk factors in pregnant women of Krasnoyarsk region and their impact on adverse pregnancy outcomes

    The aim of the study was to study the prevalence of socio-biological risk factors in pregnant women of the Krasnoyarsk territory and their impact on the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. The analysis includes data on 122 250 cases of pregnancy in the period from 2014 to 2017 in the Krasnoyarsk region. All analyzed cases of pregnancy were divided into 2 groups: group I – cases of pregnancy with unfavorable outcomes (8 290 cases), group II – cases of pregnancy with favorable outcomes (113 960 cases). The paper analyzes the following factors: mother’s age less than 18 years or 40 years or more, father’s age 40 years or more, the presence of the mother and father of occupational hazards, bad habits (smoking 1 pack of cigarettes a day, alcohol abuse), mother’s height 158 cm or less, as well as the mother’s body weight 25% higher than normal. To assess the impact of the studied factors on the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes, the odds ratio was calculated. The results of the study indicate that the presence of occupational hazards in the mother and her age less than 18 years do not affect the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. To the greatest extent, this risk is influenced by the presence of bad habits in the mother (smoking and alcohol abuse) and the father (alcohol abuse), as well as the presence of occupational hazards in the father. The use of information on the impact of various factors on the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes will allow the most effective routing of pregnant women by levels of care to reduce, ultimately, the number of these outcomes. The results show that the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes is influenced by a fairly wide range of factors. In this case, each factor has a different degree of impact on the risk. Given these circumstances, it is necessary to further develop an integrated assessment of the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes.

    Authors: Kurbanismailov R. B. [3] Narkevich A. N. [3] Vinogradov K. A. [3] Mironova A. A. [2]

    Tags: perinatal care1 pregnancy4 pregnancy outcomes2 prevalence6 risk factors15

    Read more >

  • 2019 № 2 Influence of socio-economic living standards of the population of the region on the market of paid medical services

    The purpose of the study was a comprehensive analysis of the market of paid medical services in the Trans-Baikal Territory, taking into account the influence of regional factors. Using the correlation analysis, the influence of regional socio-economic factors on the change in the volume of paid medical services has been studied. To assess the market of paid medical services, a comprehensive analysis of indicators characterizing consumers and service providers on a reimbursable basis was carried out. Analysis of the activities of medical organizations that provide paid services in the framework of primary health care reflects an increase in the number of visits per shift, specialized medical care – an increase in the number of beds. These data indicate an increase in demand for paid medical services among the population of the region and an increase in their volumes. A demographic estimate of the population of the Trans-Baikal Territory as consumers of paid medical services has revealed a decline in the economically active population, the over-mortality of able-bodied citizens, and the depopulation of the entire population in the region. Socio-economic analysis identified a slight increase in gross regional product, an increase in average per capita incomes, as well as an increase in unemployment, a decrease in the number of employees, etc. Among the factors affecting changes in the volume of paid medical services, indicators characterizing the socioeconomic standard of living of the population were identified. The study made it possible to characterize the market for paid medical services from the perspective of producers and consumers of services, as well as to identify the influence of regional socio-economic factors on the volume of paid medical services.

    Authors: Khodakova O. V. [5] Evstafieva J. V. [2]

    Tags: consumers of paid medical services1 paid medical services21 private healthcare system.2

    Read more >

  • 2019 № 2 The social significance of chronic hepatitis C drug treatment

    The article presents epidemiological data on viral hepatitis, the burden of disease of this pathology and outlines the policy of the World Health Organization (WHO) to control it. A comparison of clinical recommendations on the pharmacotherapy of chronic hepatitis C (CHC) published by the WHO and some other international organizations, as well as adopted in Russia, were carried out. The main vector in the treatment of CHC currently is use of direct-acting antiviral medicines, providing the possibility of almost complete cure of this disease. Provision of the access to the modern pharmacotherapy for all patients in need is the priority in most countries, including Russia. The opportunity to eliminate CHC could have significant positive economic and social effects.

    Authors: Efremova T. A. [2] Korobov N. V. [2] Loshakov L. A. [2]

    Tags: access to pharmacotherapy1 burden of diseases1 chronic hepatitis c1 clinical guidelines5 effectiveness of pharmacotherapy2 viral hepatitis1

    Read more >

  • 2019 № 2 The sistem of the pushing influences (Nudge) as a factor of increase in efficiency of formation at the population of commitment to a healthy lifestyle

    Results of the researches devoted to studying of a role of a system of the pushing impacts on increase in efficiency of prevention of noninfectious diseases and formation of commitment to a healthy lifestyle are presented in the review of literature. These literatures demonstrate that a complex of actions on increases in efficiency of prevention of noninfectious diseases and pushing of the population to maintaining a healthy lifestyle by change of a context of the environment and indirect impact on their representations concerning a healthy lifestyle have the proved efficiency and has a certain potential for reduction of risk of development of noninfectious diseases. Article is constructed on pilot studies of the foreign scientists connected with identification of features of thoughts and behavior of people at assessment and forecasting of uncertain situations within which, in particular, it is shown that people are mistaken at decision-making and their mistakes are subordinated to certain psychological regularities which are revealed and well experimentally proved by researchers. It is about fundamental laws of social psychology in the field of decision-making: heuristics in decision-making, the subjective probability, forecasting psychology, irrational predictability, causal and diagnostic conclusion, the theory of attribution and an error of attribution, tendency to conformality, assessment of difficult probabilities, intuitive forecasting, etc. Most fully the description of experiments in Russian is submitted at D. Kahneman [16], and the applied aspect is most fully presented in [8]. On the basis of the carried-out analysis of foreign and Russian literature of approaches to the organization of prevention in the field of noninfectious diseases and formation of a healthy lifestyle we allocated incentives and factors which do not bear in themselves the direct bans or restrictions, but are capable to have a necessary impact on people in terms of formation of a healthy lifestyle and prevention of noninfectious

    Authors: Kitayeva E. A. [2] Suetina T. A. [1] Kitaev M. R. [1]

    Tags: behavioural economy.1 noninfectious diseases3 nudge1 prevention23 pushing1

    Read more >

  • 2018
  • 2018 № 6 Social significance of the use of medicines according to actual scientific data

    Research rationale. The results of legislative changes in a healthcare system are reflected in social consequences based on indicators of achieving the treatment goals and the outcomes of diseases and, ultimately, the number of demographic and economic indicators. The scientific approach based on the data of high quality clinical, epidemiological, economical, and sociological researches is a tool to make a decision on the use of medicines that is implemented via normative documents. The urgent objective is to upgrade and harmonize these documents timely on the base of modern scientific achievements in order to obtain the most possible social outcome of pharmacotherapy of diseases.

    Goal. To demonstrate social importance of the scientific approach to implementation of normative documents in the field of the use of medicines by the example of pharmacotherapy of various pathological conditions of high social significance.
    Research methods. The general research methods (content-analysis, synthesis, generalization, formalization, etc) and the methods of comparative analysis are used. The current national and foreign normative documents, which regulate the use of medicines, were analyzed. Also analyzed are scientific publications in e-Library, Pubmed, Cochrane Library, Сlinicaltrials, Scopus databases and sites of biomedical journals on key queries reflecting the research topics.

    Results. Results of implementation of the global programs on improving the efficiency of medicines use and the prospect proposals are presented by the authors of the article. These results will promote advancement of the normative documents which regulate the use of medicines, such as clinical recommendations, standards of medical care, manuals and guidelines on socially significant diseases treatment.

    Conclusions. Translation of the relevant research data into a real clinical practice through improving the normative documents makes it possible to use fully the scientific outcomes for the benefit of population health in the country that brings health, social, and economic results.
    Timely updating the normative documents in the field of the use of medicines is possible on the base of scientific analysis of current normative documents and publication on the outcomes of qualitative clinical researches with using the methodology for complex medicines assessment and, more generally, methodology for health technology assessment (HTA).
    Organizational process of updating the normative documents can be carried out at various levels: national, regional, and local; while the local level provides more rapid implementation of the innovations in medical practice

    Authors: Kaygorodova T. V. [2] Efremova T. A. [2] Korobov N. V. [2] Korsunskiy A. A. [1] Loshakov L. A. [2]

    Tags: burden of disease1 clinical recommendations3 effectiveness of pharmacotherapy2 evidence-based medi¬cine2 health technology assessment (hta)1 relevance of normative documents1 social importance of pharmacotherapy1 standards of medical care5 translation of scientific data1

    Read more >

  • 2018 № 5 Patients satisfaction evaluation in healthcare organization (ICDC experience)

    This article studies the experience of the ‘Interregional clinic and diagnostic center’ (ICDC) in the area of patients satisfaction level evaluation and the specific character of satisfaction evaluation in healthcare. The object: to find out frameworks in the patients satisfaction evaluation. Materials and methods: analysis of scientific literature, statistic data of the patients satisfaction evaluation and results of medical and economic activity of the ICDC. Results and conclusions: it was found out that the biggest amount of strong correlations have 4 components of survey on satisfaction evaluation: ‘Professionalism of doctor’, ‘Attitude of doctor’, ‘Appearance of doctor’ and ‘Results of surgi¬cal treatment’. The presence of big amount of strong correlations between these and others components allows us to draw a conclusion about systemic character of these components in the satisfaction structure. A significant effect of external subjective factors on the results of patient’s satisfaction evaluation was observed, such as politeness, tactfulness of doctor and nurse, their appearance. It was determined that the level of patients evaluation is associated with figures of economic activity of a healthcare institution. There is a strong positive correlation between them

    Authors: Kupriyanov R. V. [6] Zharkova E. V. [3] Khairullin R. N. [5]

    Tags: healthcare institutions1 nocebo1 patients' satisfaction2 placebo1

    Read more >