Articles from rubric: «Medical science»
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2020 № 7 Medical rehabilitation: the state of the domestic flow
The purpose of the work is to assess the state of flow of Russian scientific publications on medical rehabilitation
in high-rating international databases. The growth of publications of Russian researchers in the database “Web of Science”
by 68%, in the database “Scopus” – 86%, while the growth of the world publication flow was 43% and 40% respectively.
A model of the forecast of the dates of Russia reaching the 5th place in databases is presented. The reasons and problems
of the low level of Russian publication scientific flow have been identified and the necessary measures to eliminate them
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2020 № 4 Evaluation of the prospects for developing a vaccine against coronavirus infection by means of patent analysis
A cross-country comparison of the patent activity of various countries in the field of the development of antiviral drugs, in particular vaccines against coronavirus infection, was carried out. The companies with the most voluminous and authoritative portfolios of patent documents have been identified. Particular attention was paid to the practices used by pharmaceutical companies in the face of intense competition. The importance of protecting the rights to technical solutions with patents issued outside the Russian Federation has been shown.
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2020 № 1 Planning the subject of dissertations in the specialty «public health and healthcare»: problems and solutions
Over the last 20 years, the professional values of applicants for a degree in the specialty «Public health and health care» have shifted from health issues to disease issues, which does not meet the needs of modern society. There is a disappearance from the considered discipline, the ancestor of which is the medical police, of knowledge and competencies necessary for the successful implementation of management activities for the implementation of one of the most important social functions of the state-the prevention of threats to public health and safety. It is necessary to clarify the essence of the basic concept of the scientific specialty “Public health and healthcare”, as well as to improve the planning procedures of dissertation research.
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2019 № 6 Assessment of attainability of fifth place in the global ranking of the publishing activity on priority areas in biomedicine
During 2012-2018 in the Russian Federation, pursuant to Presidential Decree No. 599 of 05/07/2012, a set of state support measures was implemented aimed at increasing the specific gravity of Russian publications indexed in international databases. The national project “Science” (NPS) designed to realize the goals set by Presidential Decree No.204 of 05/07/2018 “On the National Goals and Strategic Tasks for Development of the Russian Federation until 2024” continues and develops the theme of increasing the publication activity of the Russian Federation in the internationalized space. One of the six NPS targets is “The place of the Russian Federation in terms of specific gravity in the total number of articles in areas defined by the priorities of scientific and technological development in publications indexed in international databases”. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the basic value of this indicator for biomedical disciplines related to the priority direction (paragraph 20c) of the Strategy for Scientific and Technological Development of the Russian Federation. We compared volumes of publication flows of the Russian Federation in 20 biomedical disciplines with a similar indicator of countries ranked fifth in the number of publications on the subject area under consideration, indexed in the Web of Science Core Collection (WoS CC). A 5-10 fold lag of the Russian Federation was recorded for the most part of the priority areas in the field of biomedicine identified by the NTS passport. The impact of public policy measures aimed at increasing the national biomedical publication stream for the period of 2012-2018 was estimated as insufficient to meet the considered NTS target.
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2019 № 4 Medical science
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2018 № 8 Causes and models of transformation of strategies for technological development of transnational pharmaceutical companies
During the last ten years, the largest pharmaceutical manufacturers significantly changed their approaches to the formation of their own strategies for capturing and retaining the leading positions in global markets. One of the key prerequisites was a decline in the return on investment in R & D: if in 2010 among the top 12 pharmaceutical companies of the world this indicator was 10.1%, then in 2017 it fell to 3.2%. At the same time, the cost of devel¬oping and launching new medicines has increased: from $1.2 billion to $2 billion in 2010–2017. The article analyzes the main reasons for the transformation of the strategies of the Big Pharma companies. It has been suggested that, in the context of a decline in payback in R & D, increased competition, a fall in public expen¬diture on the purchase of pharmaceuticals, and tightening of regulatory requirements, it is advisable for domestic companies to reorient the creation of corporate venture funds and investing in start-ups, and actively use the mergers and acquisitions strategy
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2018 № 8 The application of leasing in state (municipal) health care institutions
Difficult economic conditions lead to the fact that the expenditures of budgets of all levels for the purchase of equipment are highly reduced. State (municipal) institutions are forced to look for other sources and channels for financing equipment purchases. In this respect, leasing at the expense of compulsory medical insurance is an interesting, but incomprehensible tool. Especially, given the variety of its forms. Moreover, the use of leasing in the system of compulsory medical insurance encounters a number of serious limitations. Meanwhile, the competent conclusion of leasing contracts, in fact, in a number of cases makes it possible to solve problems of obtaining equipment worth more than 100,000 rubles at the expense of compulsory medical insurance.
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2018 № 6 The Development of post-genomic technologies in the Russian Federation: barriers and risks
The risks of implementation of the complex scientific and technological program “Postgenomic technolo¬gies: from genetic editing to synthetic biology” in the Russian Federation are Considered. As barriers for the full life cycle projects related to genomic editing technologies, the following are highlighted: lack of a sufficient number of personnel, low competitiveness of domestic scientific and technological reserves, lack of modern instrument base, lack of industrial partners, as well as problems of legal regulation of genetic engineering in the Russian Federation. The analysis of the global competitive landscape in the field of genomic editing technologies is carried out
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2017 № 8 The transition to a model of personalized medicine: barriers and possible solutions
The transition of the national health system to the model of «personalized medicine» is highlighted in the Strategy of scientific and technological development of the Russian Federation as one of seven priorities (item 20 in"). Analyzed risks and possible barriers of the implementation of this priority. Attention is drawn to the need to assess economic viability, human and infrastructural support, adequacy of legal regulation of development of methods of personalized medicine in the Russian Federation in the format of full project life cycle
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2017 № 7 Patent disputes about the rights to the technology for genome editing as a new model of scientific communication
The history of the patent war between a group of authors who carried out joint development of technology for genome editing. Questioned the cogency of the thesis that in the conditions of globalization of science will take place the rejection of narrow corporate research network international projects of the open type. It is suggested that the formation of centers of competence that determine the global competitiveness of companies, will inevitably aggravate the competition for talent and unique expertise. The economic feasibility of the use of these talents will lead to new types of interactions: the Imperative of unselfishness scientist will be replaced by the imperative of economic efficiency of scientific activities. This will form new norms and patterns of behavior scientists
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2017 № 5 Place of clinical medicine in the disciplinary structure of Russian science
The article Considers the disciplinary structure of science in the world and Russia It is shown that the share of publications on clinical medicine accounted for 26% of the total number of publications indexed in 2015 in the Web of Science database, and 35.3% of publications indexed in Scopus for 2011–2015, the conclusion about the growing importance of clinical medicine in global science. It is noted that the RF power developed in the last century, and not changing the quota system of public sector support for civil science, for research of medical subjects, is no more than 3.2% of domestic expenditure on research and development by socio-economic objectives. It is projected that the underfunding of medical science in Russia will not allow to achieve a substantial increase scientometric indicators reflecting the efficiency and productivity of Russian science in General.
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2016 № 10 The history of the development of breakthrough biomedical areas: lessons for Russia
An analysis was conducted of a model for accelerating the life cycle of research and development, as well as temporary parameters for transforming fundamental industrial perspective using an example of reprogramming technologies for obtaining induced pluripotent stem cells. It is shown that the key role in accelerating the industrial life cycle is played by the fast growing medium high technological companies and large industrial companies, interested in diversification of their business strategies. There has been recorded a significant deceleration in the development of the life cycle in this area in Russia, and its causes have been identified.
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2016 № 9 History of the development of breakthrough biomedical areas: lessons for Russia
On the example of development of technologies of reprogramming to obtain induced pluripotent stem cells estimated timelines for the transformation of the results of breakthrough fundamental research into commercial high-tech product in Japan, USA and Russia. The conclusion is that a key role in accelerating the life cycle of research and development play a growing high-tech companies and large industrial companies interested in diversifying their business strategies. It is stated a critical lag of the development of life cycle studies in this field in Russia and investigates its causes.
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2016 № 2 Structure and challenges of the medical division of the new programme of fundamental scientific research of state science academies
The article considers the questions of planning and financing the scientific-research activity in the field of medical science, realized at the cost of the state budget. Authors demonstrate that disintegration of scientific processes leads to a decrease of intensity of scientific search and implementation of achievements in medical sciences in the health care practice. Authors conclude that it is necessary to increase the effectiveness of the management of scientific research and more clearly define the priorities of the medical sciences development.
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2014 № 8 Independent validation system of scientific medical organizations in the paradigm of twenty years remoteness (Federal Research Institute for Health organization and Informatics of Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia)
There has been created a new system for evaluating scientific organizations and their subdivisions. Readings of publication and patent activities of organizations were used as key efficiency indicators. There was a study conducted on modern patterns in development of a global scientific — technological field, which questioned the information capacity of these efficiency indicators on scientists and institutions.
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2014 № 3 Funding medical science: new principles and financial instruments (Federal Research Institute for Health Care Organization and Information of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of Russian Federation, Moscow)
Annotation. There is conducted an analysis of selection criteria on projects of Russian medical research centers for funding in Russian scientific fund and Federal program «Research and innovations». There is noted a high degree of uncertainty of such concepts as «priority direction», «applied» and «search» research and «industrial partner» in regards to research of biomedical theme. There is completed an analysis of classified «Medicine and health care» «Forecast of scientific-technological development of Russian Federation till 2030 year».
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2013 № 7 Problems related to optimization of the dissertation committees on medical professions Problems of optimization (Federal Research Institute for Health Care Organization and Information of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia)
There will be started a passportization of dissertation committees as a result of which there will be processed optimization of its network. Members of expert commitees of Supreme attestation commission and dissertation committees as well as organizations on the base of which there will be created committees, who will face new requests the biggest part of which will be related to index of publishing activity and quote ratings of scientists in international an bibliometric data base. There are presented results of national publication flow analysis regarding clinic medicine, indexed in Web of Science and Scopus, showing the problems of using scientometrical factors as a criteria of scientific level of potential members of expert and dissertation committees in various medical specializations.