Articles with tag: «prevention»
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2019 № 2 The sistem of the pushing influences (Nudge) as a factor of increase in efficiency of formation at the population of commitment to a healthy lifestyle
Results of the researches devoted to studying of a role of a system of the pushing impacts on increase in efficiency of prevention of noninfectious diseases and formation of commitment to a healthy lifestyle are presented in the review of literature. These literatures demonstrate that a complex of actions on increases in efficiency of prevention of noninfectious diseases and pushing of the population to maintaining a healthy lifestyle by change of a context of the environment and indirect impact on their representations concerning a healthy lifestyle have the proved efficiency and has a certain potential for reduction of risk of development of noninfectious diseases. Article is constructed on pilot studies of the foreign scientists connected with identification of features of thoughts and behavior of people at assessment and forecasting of uncertain situations within which, in particular, it is shown that people are mistaken at decision-making and their mistakes are subordinated to certain psychological regularities which are revealed and well experimentally proved by researchers. It is about fundamental laws of social psychology in the field of decision-making: heuristics in decision-making, the subjective probability, forecasting psychology, irrational predictability, causal and diagnostic conclusion, the theory of attribution and an error of attribution, tendency to conformality, assessment of difficult probabilities, intuitive forecasting, etc. Most fully the description of experiments in Russian is submitted at D. Kahneman [16], and the applied aspect is most fully presented in [8]. On the basis of the carried-out analysis of foreign and Russian literature of approaches to the organization of prevention in the field of noninfectious diseases and formation of a healthy lifestyle we allocated incentives and factors which do not bear in themselves the direct bans or restrictions, but are capable to have a necessary impact on people in terms of formation of a healthy lifestyle and prevention of noninfectious
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2019 № 5 Satisfaction of the population with the organization of clinical examination of certain groups of the adult population on the example of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation
One of the criteria for the quality and availability of clinical examinations is the satisfaction of the population with the obtained preventive care. The subject of the study was the level of satisfaction of citizens who underwent medical examination, accessibility and quality of its organization. The following methods are used in the work: content analysis of scientific literature and regulatory documents; statistical method; analytical method. The reliability of the results obtained was evaluated by the method of calculating confidence limits. Applied correlation analysis. A sociological survey of 568 respondents who have undergone clinical examination of the adult population. Identified a number of subjective and objective problems in the organization of clinical examination. The degree of satisfaction of the population with the availability and quality of the organization of clinical examination of the adult population is determined. A correlation was found between the satisfaction of citizens with clinical examination and its availability. Proposed measures aimed at improving the organization of medical examination.
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2019 № 4 Prevention of chronic non-infectious diseases prevention in Russia: possibilities of optimization
Chronic non-communicable diseases (CNCD) remain the cause of three-fourths of deaths in Russia, but their control is not productive enough. Achieving of planned mortality reduction to 2025 among employable persons by 25,4%, from cardiovascular diseases – by 16,5% and from cancer – by 6% is possible only due to CNCD prevention. However, the costs on the «Centers of Health» activity are not justified from the point of view of their effectiveness, and dispanser- ization is not yet fully balanced in structure and volume. The analysis of some financial, organizational, methodological, legal and reporting documents makes will be it possible to identify problems and to offer systemic measures to optimize CNCD prevention.
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2017 № 1 The incidence of malignant neoplasms
The article provides an analysis of the incidence of malignant neoplasms in Russia in dynamics for 10 years. The main feature of formation and development of cancer care in Russia is its preventive orientation. The experience of early diagnostics of malignant neoplasms expedient from the economic point of view a long-term strategy for the fight against cancer.
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2015 № 8 Adult population’s quality clinical examination management in outpatient organizations on the basis of the process approach
Aim of the study: Development of quality management system in health care organization in periodic health examination of target adult population groups. The developed materials could be exploited in similar institutions engaged in the periodic health examinations.
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2013 № 1 Modern Aspects of prevention of hospital infection in high-tech medical center (as exemplified by trauma and orthopedic profile) (The Federal State Institution Federal Center for Traumatology, Orthopedics & Endoprothesis Replacement, Cheboksary, Russia)
Based on the analysis of FSBI «Federal Centre for trauma, orthopedics and endoprosthesis replacement », the Health Ministry of Russia (Cheboksary) developed a scheme for prevention of hospital infections in high-tech medical center. During 2009–2011 laboratory studies of environmental, medical products, swabs from the hands of members of the operating team, the patient's skin in the surgical field 100% of cases showed negative results. A group disease incidence of hospital infections and occupational diseases among medical workers are not registered. Proportion of infectious complications is at the average 0,36%, which, in our opinion, is due to endogenous infection (pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic micro flora in the setting of chronic foci of infection, long-term use of steroids, cytotoxic drugs).
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2016 № 2 The economical effectiveness of actions preventing the expansion of incidents of substance and alcohol abuse
The analysis of economical effectiveness of preventative measures against substance and alcohol abuse in the Kostromskaya region between 2008–2012 years showed a presence of significant losses for the region’s economy, prompted by the population’s morbidity for drug and alcohol abuse among the young and employable population. There was noted a low level of financial provision of regional target-oriented programmes and a deficit in current financing of narcology service, what in turn makes the medical aid considerably less accessible. The level of achieved indicators for evaluating the effectiveness of the narcology service’s activity demonstrated that there is a significant retardment among the regions, included in the process of realization of the concept for modernizing the narcology service of the Russian Federation.