Articles with tag: «prevention»
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2020 № 3 Population relation research to the healthy lifestyle (on the example of the fish and suburban region of Republic of Tatarstan)
One of the main tasks of modern health care is decrease in incidence and noninfectious diseases mortality of the population which are preventable at observance of a healthy lifestyle, early identification and timely effective treatment. Results of a sociological research of the relation to a healthy lifestyle on estimates of adult population of the Fish and Suburban Region of Republic of Tatarstan are presented in article. Purpose: reveal commitment of the population to a healthy lifestyle, investigate connection of a healthy lifestyle with presence of noninfectious diseases. The research is conducted on the basis of questionnaire by method of random check of adult population. 2346 respondents from 21 year to 74 years took part in questioning. Authors developed the questionnaire concerning commitment of the population to a healthy lifestyle and presence of noninfectious diseases.. The average physical activity among all respondents is slightly higher than 20%. The commitment to a healthy power supply in all groups does not exceed 25%. Respondents aged from 31 to 40 years are most committed to healthy nutrition. Among the polled respondents smoke 22.21%, regularly take alcohol of 0.2%. From among the respondents who noted presence of cardiovascular diseases of 98.6% monthly visit the doctor and regularly take medicines; with digestive tract diseases monthly visit the doctor of 16.3% and regularly take the drugs of 18.5% of respondents; from among respondents with diabetes regularly take the drugs and monthly visit the doctor of 100%. Analyzing data retrieveds, authors came to a conclusion that the commitment to a healthy lifestyle among the population does not exceed 30%. Results of questioning of the population can be used when developing the address program of treatment-and-prophylactic actions for forming of commitment to a healthy lifestyle for each age group.
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2019 № 2 The sistem of the pushing influences (Nudge) as a factor of increase in efficiency of formation at the population of commitment to a healthy lifestyle
Results of the researches devoted to studying of a role of a system of the pushing impacts on increase in efficiency of prevention of noninfectious diseases and formation of commitment to a healthy lifestyle are presented in the review of literature. These literatures demonstrate that a complex of actions on increases in efficiency of prevention of noninfectious diseases and pushing of the population to maintaining a healthy lifestyle by change of a context of the environment and indirect impact on their representations concerning a healthy lifestyle have the proved efficiency and has a certain potential for reduction of risk of development of noninfectious diseases. Article is constructed on pilot studies of the foreign scientists connected with identification of features of thoughts and behavior of people at assessment and forecasting of uncertain situations within which, in particular, it is shown that people are mistaken at decision-making and their mistakes are subordinated to certain psychological regularities which are revealed and well experimentally proved by researchers. It is about fundamental laws of social psychology in the field of decision-making: heuristics in decision-making, the subjective probability, forecasting psychology, irrational predictability, causal and diagnostic conclusion, the theory of attribution and an error of attribution, tendency to conformality, assessment of difficult probabilities, intuitive forecasting, etc. Most fully the description of experiments in Russian is submitted at D. Kahneman [16], and the applied aspect is most fully presented in [8]. On the basis of the carried-out analysis of foreign and Russian literature of approaches to the organization of prevention in the field of noninfectious diseases and formation of a healthy lifestyle we allocated incentives and factors which do not bear in themselves the direct bans or restrictions, but are capable to have a necessary impact on people in terms of formation of a healthy lifestyle and prevention of noninfectious
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2019 № 5 Satisfaction of the population with the organization of clinical examination of certain groups of the adult population on the example of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation
One of the criteria for the quality and availability of clinical examinations is the satisfaction of the population with the obtained preventive care. The subject of the study was the level of satisfaction of citizens who underwent medical examination, accessibility and quality of its organization. The following methods are used in the work: content analysis of scientific literature and regulatory documents; statistical method; analytical method. The reliability of the results obtained was evaluated by the method of calculating confidence limits. Applied correlation analysis. A sociological survey of 568 respondents who have undergone clinical examination of the adult population. Identified a number of subjective and objective problems in the organization of clinical examination. The degree of satisfaction of the population with the availability and quality of the organization of clinical examination of the adult population is determined. A correlation was found between the satisfaction of citizens with clinical examination and its availability. Proposed measures aimed at improving the organization of medical examination.
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2019 № 4 Prevention of chronic non-infectious diseases prevention in Russia: possibilities of optimization
Chronic non-communicable diseases (CNCD) remain the cause of three-fourths of deaths in Russia, but their control is not productive enough. Achieving of planned mortality reduction to 2025 among employable persons by 25,4%, from cardiovascular diseases – by 16,5% and from cancer – by 6% is possible only due to CNCD prevention. However, the costs on the «Centers of Health» activity are not justified from the point of view of their effectiveness, and dispanser- ization is not yet fully balanced in structure and volume. The analysis of some financial, organizational, methodological, legal and reporting documents makes will be it possible to identify problems and to offer systemic measures to optimize CNCD prevention.
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2020 № 2 Improving the quality of organization and provision of medical care for children with injuries in order to reduce their disability
Children’s disability is an urgent medical and social problem of modern society, one of the main characteristics
of public health and social well-being of the country. This article provides additional data on the main trends in primary
childhood disability, depending on the age and type of injury, type of injury and a damaging factor; presents a medium-
term prognosis of primary childhood disability due to injuries for the Kursk region. The types of psychological status of a
family with a child with an injury are determined, and their effect on the implementation of measures for its rehabilitation in
various types of injuries is studied. The results obtained indicate the importance of an individual approach to each specific
family with a child with an injury, and the need for work aimed at achieving optimal treatment outcomes and preventing
the formation of disability. A scheme has been developed for the interaction of various organizations and departments
involved in the prevention of childhood injuries and the comprehensive rehabilitation of children with the consequences of
injuries. A scheme of the relationship between the types of rehabilitation and the level of adaptation (somatic, psychological,
socio-environmental) of children with the consequences of injuries under the age of 12 years is proposed. -
2017 № 1 The incidence of malignant neoplasms
The article provides an analysis of the incidence of malignant neoplasms in Russia in dynamics for 10 years. The main feature of formation and development of cancer care in Russia is its preventive orientation. The experience of early diagnostics of malignant neoplasms expedient from the economic point of view a long-term strategy for the fight against cancer.
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2020 № 7 Modern approaches to the construction of an effective model of preventive work with children
The approaches to the analysis of the information of the medical information system about the child population
attached to the medical organization (22,950 children) are described to identify homogeneous groups in order to build a
preventive work plan with each. The team of experts of the medical organization has developed an electronic work plan for
4,745 options for monitoring a child, which is implemented as a computer program that allows you to automatically rearrange
the plan. It is considered as a sequence of standard operating procedures. The program automatically “restructures”
the calendar plan of work with the child, allowing you to complete the missed work in an acceptable time for the child
and the performer. The use of such planning is especially necessary for work in the conditions of prevention of COVID‑19. -
2015 № 8 Adult population’s quality clinical examination management in outpatient organizations on the basis of the process approach
Aim of the study: Development of quality management system in health care organization in periodic health examination of target adult population groups. The developed materials could be exploited in similar institutions engaged in the periodic health examinations.
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2020 № 7 On the issue of legal protection of adolescent girls ‘ reproduc tive health
The article presents an overview of modern approaches to legal protection of reproductive health of adolescent girls
in the Russian Federation. The system aspects of health protection of girls and adolescent girls, as well as prevention of violations
of reproductive health formation, are taken into account. The research was based on Federal laws, regulatory and legislative acts
of individual subjects of the Russian Federation, and relevant scientific publications. The legal priority in ensuring the reproductive
health of girls and adolescent girls is determined by the availability and quality of specific medical care, as well as relevant sections of the main legal documents. -
2013 № 1 Modern Aspects of prevention of hospital infection in high-tech medical center (as exemplified by trauma and orthopedic profile) (The Federal State Institution Federal Center for Traumatology, Orthopedics & Endoprothesis Replacement, Cheboksary, Russia)
Based on the analysis of FSBI «Federal Centre for trauma, orthopedics and endoprosthesis replacement », the Health Ministry of Russia (Cheboksary) developed a scheme for prevention of hospital infections in high-tech medical center. During 2009–2011 laboratory studies of environmental, medical products, swabs from the hands of members of the operating team, the patient's skin in the surgical field 100% of cases showed negative results. A group disease incidence of hospital infections and occupational diseases among medical workers are not registered. Proportion of infectious complications is at the average 0,36%, which, in our opinion, is due to endogenous infection (pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic micro flora in the setting of chronic foci of infection, long-term use of steroids, cytotoxic drugs).
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2019 № 10 Overview of interdepartmental programs for public health care
“In the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of 07.05.2018 No. 204 “About the national purposes and strategic problems of development of the Russian Federation until 2024” achievement of the following target indica¬tors is established: increase by 2024 in the expected life expectancy at the birth till 78 flyings and till 80 flyings by 2030)”. Prevention of noninfectious diseases on an interdepartmental basis is necessary for achievement of such indicators. We carried out the overview of federal orders, resolutions, a regulatory framework and interdepartmental programs for public health care. The analysis of literature showed that in the Russian Federation development and realization of the strategy, projects and programs directed to prevention of noninfectious diseases and forming of commitment of the population to a healthy lifestyle is conducted many of which are between sectoral and use the principles of “Health in all strategy”.
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2016 № 2 The economical effectiveness of actions preventing the expansion of incidents of substance and alcohol abuse
The analysis of economical effectiveness of preventative measures against substance and alcohol abuse in the Kostromskaya region between 2008–2012 years showed a presence of significant losses for the region’s economy, prompted by the population’s morbidity for drug and alcohol abuse among the young and employable population. There was noted a low level of financial provision of regional target-oriented programmes and a deficit in current financing of narcology service, what in turn makes the medical aid considerably less accessible. The level of achieved indicators for evaluating the effectiveness of the narcology service’s activity demonstrated that there is a significant retardment among the regions, included in the process of realization of the concept for modernizing the narcology service of the Russian Federation.